The Ku Klux Klan Essay -- african americans, civil war

At one point in time in the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan – KKK – had a total of more than 4 million members (History.com Staff)! Fortunately, its number of followers decreased rapidly throughout the century. However, this did not stop them from sticking their foot out in the path of the Civil Rights Movement. The Klan had many efforts to slow down the movement; but in the end, they failed to phase it. Actions that the Klan took were bombing and man-slaughtering (History.com Staff). The KKK also had a hand in the sabotage of the Freedom Riders (Fre14). Looking back on the Civil Rights Movement nowadays, some believe that the KKK actions actually gained support for integration. The Ku Klux Klan was created in 1866 and was embedded into nearly all the American southern states. White southerners used the group as a way to take action against Reconstruction after the American Civil War. Its name originated from the word â€Å"kyklos,† which translates to â€Å"circle† in the Greek language. Members believed they were part of the â€Å"Invisible Empire of the South.† Within this empire there was a hierarchy that consisted of a leader, known as the Grand Wizard, along with lower-ranking grand dragons, grand titans, and grand cyclopses. The Klan reached its highest point in the early part of the 1900s. Its number of members declined following this peak. There was a revival of KKK activities in the 60’s due to the Civil Rights Movement. Actions after that decade were rare and scattered throughout the rest of the century (History.com Staff). A very radical way that the KKK showed its opinions on civil rights for African Americans was bombing. A very infamous catastrophe was the bombing of a Baptist church in Birmingham, Alabama. Racism, discrimination, and ... ...elt the pain of those who suffered, and their hearts were turned justice. No matter how many Klan members there are or what the Klan members did, the Civil Rights Movement saw no victory for the Ku Klux Klan. Works Cited Freedom Rides of 1961. n.d. 13 May 2014 . History.com Staff. Birmingham Church Bombing. 2014. A+E Networks. 16 April 2014 . —. Ku Klux Klan. 2014. A+E Networks. 29 April 2014 . The KKK kills three civil rights activists. 2014. 11 May 2014 . Viola Gregg Luizzo Biography. 2014. A&E Television Networks. 13 May 2014 .

Sexual Assault Law Reform

During the sass's -sass's significant law reform processes were initiated due to a lack f Just outcomes for the victim and a lack of support from society. Changes to legislation included the broadening of the definition of sexual assault, resulted in attention being taken away from the complainant's personality traits and sexual history and shifted attention too the accused behaviors. Further more it outlawed the Act of Martial rape entirely). This also helped to change victim's position in society, as rape victims were socially condemned because of their experiences.In spite of these significant changes sexual assault cases have the lowest record of lilts verdicts and the highest appeal rate of any crime per capita (Australian institute of family studies) . This assessment will firstly examine the condition in society, which led to the law reform mechanism in the ass's. These reforms were amendments to the Crimes Act 1900. A case study will highlight the condition, which led to thes e changes. Following will identify and evaluate further significant amendments of the crimes act and their changes to legislation.A case study will also highlight this, demonstrating the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of these changes. Further on will include another law reform, discussing its flaws and fairness to society and victims. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, women were deemed as property of their father or husbands. Throughout this period sexual assault was known as rape. Any form of rape was viewed as damaging or devaluing a mans property. This reflects a completely male dominated society, where as women are viewed as objects, instead of human beings.The heinous act of marital rape was not seen as a recognizable constitutional offence and was not punishable, as men were ranted marital immunity and a right to sexually involve himself with his partner regardless. As Sir Matthew Hale, Chief Justice, mid-17th century, England said â€Å"The husband cannot be guilty of rape committed by himself upon his lawful wife, for by their mutual matrimonial consent and contract the wife hath given up herself in this kind unto her husband, which she cannot retract†. Hale 2014) Traditionally victims in court were cross-examined using intimidation and humiliating techniques, degrading the victims integrity, twisting events and manipulating laws and precedents in order to disprove sexual offence allegations. Defendants in court were protected by highlighting that victims were ‘asking to be sexually assaulted by dressing seductively or acting in a licentious manner, while also making references to their sexual history. It was also commonly believed, that if a victim failed to report the incident immediately, it was a false allegation.This indicates a lack of procedural fairness, as victims were not given the right of a fair trail, reflecting unjust and unfair social values. Outcomes were influenced by gender, instead of fact, contradicting an ethi cal and Just legal system. (Laughlin, Van De Catch, Mays, & Hunter, 2007). The ease of VGA v the Queen provides evidence of a case highlighting an ineffective Justice system before significant law reforms. The defendant (VGA) was charged in 2010 for the rape of his spouse in 1963.While in court, he argued that he could not be effectively prosecuted because Martial rape was not a recognized crime and did not exist in any form of legislation at the time. He also argued that if he was found guilty, it would break the doctrine against the retrospective application of laws. Prior to law reform, this evidence implies a weak court procedure and subsequent lack of just outcomes for the victim (Boney, 1985). On July 14th 1981, sparked by female advocacy, representing victims of gender inequality, the NEWS government passed the Crime (Sexual Assault) Amendment act 1981.This amendment was a change to the Crimes Act 1900. The aims of the legislation were to make significant changes too flawed l egal system, for both society and victims. It was anticipated that the amendments would protect complainants from further discrimination under the legal system; raise the number of assault reports and sentences; speed up the process of Justice along with the conviction of Guilty party's, whilst maintaining the invitational rights of the accused and serve as a platform for educating the community in changing their attitudes towards victims of sexual assault (Boney, 1985).The common law charge of Rape and attempted rape were revoked and replaced within three sections of sexual assault. They differed in seriousness and also level of sentencing. The definition of sexual intercourse was broadened to include a larger span of sexual acts. The husband and youth under 14 immunity acts were revoked, making marital rape a recognized and punishable crime. The amendment also introduced legislation, which discredited a victim's sexual history as sable evidence. (Boney, 1985) The crimes (Sexual As sault) Amendment Act 1981 are the most important part of sexual assault law reform history.It improved society opinion of victims and increased confidence to report assault.. Although it did raise the number of sexual assault being reported, if failed to critically increase the number of guilty verdicts. Less than fifty percent of the defendants appearing in court are sentenced as guilty (Boney, 1985) . In response to a series of brutal gang rapes in Sydney in 2001, the NEWS government introduced further changes to the Crimes act 1900. This was called the Crimes Amendment (aggravated sexual assault in company) 2001.Aggravated sexual assault is defined as sexual assault in circumstance of aggravation, inflicting grievous bodily hard, committing the offence while being in a group of people, kidnapping the victim or the victim being under consensual age or the victim have a serious physical or psychological disability, thus ruling out the possibility of willing consent. (NEWS Victims s ervices Attorney general and Justice) This legislation was enacted for the purpose of discouraging gangs of predominantly males of committing gang rape.Gang rape is the act of a group of sexual assault offenders committing the act of sexual assault on one or more victims one after the other. It gave Judges a set life sentence for the crime of gang rape, instead punishment as they see fit. The case below analyses the implications of a lack of a set sentence and the problems that arise (The Free Dictionary – 2014) . In 2002 a series of gang rapes occurred throughout the city of Sydney, lead by Muslim man, Bilabial USAF.USAF and his accomplices were charged with multiple offences including aggravated indecency, perverting the course of Justice, aggravated sexual intercourse thou consent and aggravated indecent assault in company. Multiple victims suffered at the hands of USAF and his followers, some of these accomplices being his own relations (NEWS parliament library research p rogram) . USAF was originally sentenced to fifty-five years in Goal with no Parole. This sentence was later reduced to forty-six year after an appeal to the criminal court, to which e appealed again and was granted 26 years.The importance of this case is the legal issues that were raised which led to significant amendments. Some of these issues are as follows (HOC Legal studies topic). Due to a Jury misconduct during Safe court procedure, Safe case was retried. This caused a backlash in society due to wasted taxpayer money, based on Safe need for legal aid. He demanded a Muslim lawyer, after claiming all white lawyers were racist. This reflects a waste of society resources (HOC Legal studies topic). In addition to this issue, there was the emotional instability from the victims of USAF at the thought of refining him in court.One victim quoted ‘ I wish they were dead, run over by a bus†. The victim highlights the ineffectiveness and insensitivity of the legal system. The fact of a re-trial demonstrates natural Justice for the accused, but demonstrates unjust gaps for the victim (HOC Legal studies topic). Due to the re-trial in the case, a victim impact statement was necessary. The psychological and physical impact on the victim caused by Safe actions was substantial. The idea of victims refining their attackers more than once highlight the inefficacy of the court system and the disregard to victim's state of mind.For these reasons, a victim impact statement was introduced (HOC Legal studies topic). A significant issue raised, was the matter of the original entente. In his case, USAF was sentenced to fifty-five years for Gang- rape. This contradicts legal logic, as the sentence far outweighs the punishment for murder, which carries a sentence of twenty-five years. This encourages other sexual offenders to not only sexually assault their victims but to murder victims and dispose of incriminating evidence ( HOC Legal studies topic).Although in contrast to the previous point, Safe reduced sentence labels the legal system as flawed and weak. A Victim quoted ‘The court system is riddled with flaws'. Reports from the media have valued the continuation of Safe psychopathic behavior, in spite of receiving a life sentence. In 2003 the media obtained pictures of Safe goal cell, where he had drawn pictures of him sexually assaulting women. This further more let down society, as they believed the sentence was too lenient, and a waste of taxpayers money (HOC Legal studies topic).It was for these reasons the government introduced the Crimes Sexual Assault in Company Act . It gives Judges the power to condemn life sentences with no racial implications. It gave society and victims a stronger sense of satisfaction tit the fact of a set sentence for the crime. It benefits society in the way that their resources are being wasted on accused demands for legal aid, as it is difficult to battle for a reduced sentence. It assisted to neutralist the inconsistencies in the court systems that as evidence shows in the prior case are common ( HOC Legal studies topic).In 2007 the NEWS Government introduced the Crimes Amendment (Consent – Sexual Assault Offences) Act 2007, which was an Amendment of the Crimes Act 1900. The legislation amended the legal definition of consent, and the finite requirements needed to engage in sexual behavior with another person. It also gave explicit examples where consent cannot be given (NEWS attorney and general) . The legislation redefined the statutory definition on consent and put emphasis on outlining when and when a victim may or may not have the ability to consent in sexual behaviors.The amendment stated that if a person is, heavily intoxicated with drugs or alcohol, unconscious, asleep, harassed or extorted to engage or forced from a position of power and authority, consent has legally not been given ( NEWS attorney and general). The legislation has also provided a significant change in court procedure. The reforms have made it so the responsibility of proving beyond reasonable doubt in regards to consent is now the task of the defendant. Prior to the law reform it was the job of the complainants prosecution.It has also served an educative purpose, in the way that it lets members of society know the correct procedures in assuring consent ( NEWS attorney and general). The legislation is balanced with both positive and negative factors. It is now the responsibility of the defense to prove there was consent, which in some cases can be adequately difficult, sometimes impossible to prove † beyond reasonable doubt†. This provides instability on the ground of Justice, as in some cases allegations are proven to be false (NEWS attorney and general).The Consent (sexual offences) act provides Justice and fairness for victims, but also provides complications for defendants charged under false allegations. There is a mixture of both fair and unfair qualities in the legislation (NEWS attorney and general). In conclusion evidence provided regarding reforms, cases and legislation highlight he positive and negative qualities of Justice for victims, defendants and society as a whole. Fact suggests that the legal system struggles to satisfy society and victim simultaneously while keeping the conventional criminal rights and procedural for defendants intact.Facts from the cases have outlined the flaws in our legal system whether it is under common or stature law. In order to maximize the effectiveness of legal system and the conditions of our statuary law reforms, the public must be made more aware of the rules and regulations regarding sexual assault. Then and only then, will we have a Just and fair society. References Mileage P, Dally K, Webster P, corn D, Kelly T (2009). Cambridge Legal Studies – Preliminary Second Edition – London. Conventional and innovative Justice responses to sexual violence.

Analysis Of Woodrow Wilson s The Straw That Broke The...

Following WW1, Europe was left in a bad state. Empires were destroyed and states were being formed. The Minority question that arose following the war, albeit important, was not as much of a destabilizing force in this time as people like to think. It was only the byproduct of events that took place. These events include the publishing of the fourteen points, the settlements made during the Paris Peace conference, and the creation of state constitutions. The minority question was, in essence, the straw that broke the camel’s back, breaking the already damaged infrastructure of post war Europe. In order to answer the question on why minority rights became such a destabilizing force after the war, we must first look at what caused this problem to become the forefront of many European minds. Two pivotal events took place following the war that left stains on Europe; stains that, to some, indirectly led to the start of World War 2. The first and most important event was the publishing of Woodrow Wilson s fourteen points on January 8, 1918. These points were created in the hope to promote peace and harmony among the recently war stricken nations of Europe. One prominent point that came from this document was the idea of self-determination. This encouraged people to form their own nation where they could choose rulers and live amongst others who share the same culture. This piqued the interest of the millions of people living in the various, and heavilyShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This C hange Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple

Apartheid - A History and Overview

Theme of Death in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily Essay

Theme of Death in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily William Faulkners A Rose for Emily is a tragic tale of a Southern aristocrat, Miss Emily Grierson, who is the subject of a towns obsession. The narrator, a member of the town, tells the story of what transpires in a decaying old Southern house that is always under the watchful eye of the townspeople. They witness Miss Emilys life, her fathers death, her turn to insanity and the death of both her and her lover. The theme of death runs throughout this tale, which is understandable considering the events that take place in the story. Faulkner uses foreshadowing to foretell events that will transpire later in the story. Because of this foreshadowing, a reader†¦show more content†¦This description of Emilys hair is important, because one of Emilys hairs will be found next to Homers body, and it also shows how Emily is decaying like the house and items inside. Early in the story Emily writes a letter on stationary of an archaic shape and with fading ink. The references here are to the way she is always described growing older and decaying. Even Emilys house shares her short squat characteristic and coquettish decay. The insanity of Miss Emily is also foretold in A Rose for Emily. When the body of Homer is found in her bed, the reader can understand that Emily killed him, because her mental stability had been questioned a number of times. The narrator begins these allusions to her mental state when he tells how the mayor, Colonel Sartoris, bestows a special tax exemption upon Miss Emily. Colonel Sartoris makes up a story so unbelievable that it is described as so outlandish that only a woman could have believed it. Later, the townspeople talk about her great-aunt, the lady Wyatt, who had gone completely crazy. They wonder about poor Emily with the insanity in her family. Her mental state comes into question again when the town removes the body of her father. She is said to have broke down and finally let them in to take and bury the body. This is an obvious analogy to her having a mental breakdown. This is followed with the statement that the townspeople didShow MoreRelatedEs say on Oh Who Will Protect Poor Emily?1027 Words   |  5 PagesIn Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, there is a constant theme of protection for Emily Grierson, because she was a woman living in the south after the civil war and the requirements that were placed on women enable to be honorable. That is to say that, women needed to be protected by the men of the community during that time in history and women’s actions were constantly under watch to see if a woman was honorable and worthy of protection or not. 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International Expansion Strategies of Taco Bell-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the International Expansion Strategies of Taco Bell. Answer: Generic strategies Taco Bell is one of the largest fast food chains that operates mainly in the United States. This food chain operates in 6500 restaurants, outlets, and carters to almost 36.8 million customers all over the world. The generic strategies is defined as the strategies the company will use in order to gain competitive advantage, which includes cost leadership, focus and differentiation (Brenes et al. 2014). The food chain Taco-Bell is a subsidiary of the famous food chain Yum! Brands, Inc. This group also owns the other famous food chains such as Pizza Hut and KFC. In order to enter the market of Vietnam, the company has to adapt to new strategies. The fast food market of America differs from that of the market of Vietnam (Riasi 2015). Thus, Taco Bell has to use some other strategy, different from the one they use in the markets of America. The society of Vietnam going to a fast food chain is done only on occasions and not a part of their daily lives, unlike in America (Hoffman 2017). Thus , the company has to shift its focus from the cost focus to the differentiation focus, in order to gain advantage in the market of Vitenam. Figure 1: Porters Generic Strategies (Source: Miller and Friesen 1986) VRIO Taco Bell have targeted the Vietnamese market in order to enter the market and expand their business. Through the use of the Yum brand, Taco Bell might enter the market of the Vietnam fast food, through the other food chains of Yum (Riasi 2015). For example, since KFC is also a part of the Yum group, Taco Bell could use the brand of KFC to enter the market of Vietnam. Moreover, they can target the same customers of KFC and Pizza Hut, since these are already established brands under Yum, and has a strong market hold in Vietnam. Values- The products of Taco Bell is valuable for the customers (Brenes et al. 2014). Moreover, the values for money for the customers are also high. Rarity- The brand is a rare one in the market of Vietnam and one of its kinds. Immitability- The immitability of the brand as well as the recipe is high, as the recipe of the food of Taco Bell could be imitated easily (Riasi 2015). The ability to exploit the resources of the company is also very high. Organization - The company will try to establish themselves as a family restaurant such that the Vietnamese could be attracted to the newly launched brand (Weng et al. 2017). Yum has a prominent presence in Vietnam through the food chains such as KFC and Pizza Hut. This assignment highlights the expansion of market of Taco Bell into the Vietnamese market and the dangers of being stuck in the centre. The Vietnamese fast food market is dominated by Lotteria (Burgers, Rice Dishes and Fried Chicken), along with other competitors such as Jollibee (Fried Chicken, Spaghetti, Burgers and Rice Dishes), McDonalds and Street Food. Yum! However, Taco Bell can enjoy the benefits of existing contacts from the other subsidiaries of Yum, namely KFC and Pizza Hut (Riasi 2015). A play corner for children will be present in the restaurant making it a family destination. Since the Vietnamese people are culturally enriched hence including the culture of Mexico, along with the authentic Mexican food will also attract more customers. Along with authentic Mexican food, a fusion of the Mexican and Vietnamese food could also be recommended. Thus, Taco Bell could avoid the risks that a new entrant company has in a new market. Porters five forces The Porters five forces is used to analyse the competitive environment that Taco Bell will encounter, as it ventures its entry to the Vietnamese fast food market. Bargaining power of the buyers The bargaining power of the buyers is moderate. This is because the consumers often react to the changes in the price of the food products of Taco Bell (Miller and Friesen 1986). They have the power not to accept the new brand Taco Bell as gladly as KFC or Pizza Hut. Thus, the buyers power is moderate. Suppliers bargaining power This is quite low since Taco Bell is a subsidiary of Yum brands, which already has a set of reputed suppliers for KFC and Pizza Hut (Riasi 2015). Thus, the supplies for Taco Bell has low bargaining power, as they could be easily replaced by substitute suppliers. Threat of new entrants The threat of the new entrants is low since the popular brands such as KFC and Pizza Hut are a part of the same group of companies Yum and pose as advantages and not threats. The new entrants have much more disadvantage than Taco Bell (Weng et al. 2017). Threat of substitutes The threat of substitutes is high, since a similar Vietnamese company might be more accepted by the market of Vietnam, thus giving a strong threat to Taco Bell (Riasi 2015). Threat from rivals This is low, since Taco bell wants to give its customers a real feel of Mexican food. This is done to add a flavour of real Mexican food (Riasi 2015). This cannot be easily substituted in the market of Vietnam. Figure 2: Portes five forces (Source: Miller and Friesen 1986) Diamond theory The Porters Diamond theory highlights the competitive advantages that is enjoyed by Taco Bell in the perspective of the global market (Riasi 2015). Firm strategy, structure and rivalry- These are some of the dynamic conditions that dominate the business world. These conditions also enhance the productivity of Taco Bell (Management.net, 2017). Demand condition- The more the customers are demanding the products, the greater is the pressure on the company to meet the demands and innovate the products of Taco Bell. The related supporting industries- The related industries support each other and help in sharing of information and innovation (Management.net, 2017). Factor conditions- Each company has its own essential factors that are essential for the operation of the company. For Taco Bell, skilled employees are needed as factor conditions, along with technological support. Figure 3: Porters Diamond theory (Source: Management.net, 2017) Benefits Serial number Benefits Description 1 Global recognition 1. Taco Bell gets global recognition in expanding the business in the International market 2 New Markets 1. New consumer base and new market acquired 3 Greater exposure 1. Taco Bell gets a better exposure in the market of Vietnam 4 Higher profits 1. With international expansion, higher profit is seen in Taco bell 5 Competitive advantage 1. Being a part of the Yum brand, it gains competitive advantages 6 Innovation 1. Taco Bell incorporates innovation with global innovation 7 Expansion 1. The company and its revenue is expanded with international business 8 Larger consumer base 1. More customers are attracted to the company, thus creating a larger consumer base Risks Serial number Risks Description 1 Regulatory risk 1. Taco Bell could face risks in regulation while expanding its business in Vietnam 2 Incentives 1. The incentive that are given to the employees have to be at par, with the economic structure of Vietnam 3 Trade Barriers 1. Since Vietnam is not yet ready for the Mexican food, hence the lack of acceptance could be a trade barrier 2. Threat from Chinese economy 4 Currency risks 1. Since the currency of Vietnam has a low market value than US dollars, hence currency risks could be faced 5 Cultural distance 1. The cultural difference between America and Vietnam could be a major risk 2. Currency rate is volatile 6 Location specific disadvantages 1. The location of Vietnam is less exposed to the people of the world, hence location specific disadvantages are faced by Taco Bell 2. Lack of trained employees 7 Demographic disadvantages 1. Differences in the culture of America and Vietnam 2. The Vietnamese people consume fast food only on occasions, unlike the Americas, who consume fast food every day 8 Social barriers 1. The people might not be able to accept Taco Bell, as well as the American References Brenes, E.R., Montoya, D. and Ciravegna, L., 2014. Differentiation strategies in emerging markets: The case of Latin American agribusinesses.Journal of Business Research,67(5), pp.847-855. Hoffman, D.D., 2017. New Media's Impact on the Fast Food Industry: A Comparative Study of Taco Bell and Chick-fil-A. Management.net, (2017).Summary of Diamond model - Michael Porter. Abstract. [online] Valuebasedmanagement.net. Available at: https://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_porter_diamond_model.html [Accessed 9 Aug. 2017]. Miller, D. and Friesen, P.H., 1986. Porter's (1980) generic strategies and performance: an empirical examination with American data: part I: testing Porter.Organization studies,7(1), pp.37-55. Riasi, A., 2015. Competitive advantages of shadow banking industry: An analysis using Porter diamond model.Business Management and Strategy,6(2), pp.15-27. Weng, S.J., Gotcher, D. and Kuo, C.F., 2017. Lining up for quick serviceThe business impact of express lines on fast-food restaurant operations.Journal of Foodservice Business Research,20(1), pp.65-81.

Week_5 Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

|Name: Dhulfiqar |Date: 9/19/19---9/1/19 | Graded Assignment Activity Log In this Physical Education course, you will use this activity log to keep track of your physical activity. Your teacher will review your activity log each week and then enter your participation points in the Gradebook. You will receive 2 participation points for each entry in your activity log. If a week includes 5 regular school days, you can earn 10 participation points for completing an entry each day. | |Day 1 |Day 2 |Day 3 |Day 4 |Day 5 | |Start Time |12:30 PM |2 PM |1:00 AM |2:00 PM |11 AM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Stop Time |1:30 PM |3 PM |1:30 AM |2:30 PM |11:44 PM | | | | | | | | |Location |Turkey, |Turkey, |Turkey, |Turkey, |Turkey, | | |Private GYM,|Private GYM,|Private GYM,|Private GYM,|Private GYM,| | |Pool |Pool |Pool |Pool |Pool | | | | | | | | |Your Score |___ of 10 | Notes: